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Cross River gorilla
The Cross River gorilla (''Gorilla gorilla diehli'') is a subspecies of the western gorilla (''Gorilla gorilla''). It was named a new species in 1904 by Paul Matschie, a mammalian taxonomist working at the Humboldt University Zoological Museum in Berlin, but was not systematically surveyed of its populations until 1987.〔http://www.naturalsciences.be/science/projects/gorilla/external/pdf/Gorilla_gorilla_diehli_en.pdf〕 (''Gorilla gorilla diehli'') is the most western and northern form of gorilla, and is restricted to the forested hills and mountains of the Cameroon-Nigeria border region at the headwaters of the Cross River (Nigeria). It is separated by about 300 km from the nearest population of western lowland gorillas (''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''), and by around 250 km from the gorilla population in the Ebo Forest of Cameroon. The most recent surveys suggest that between 200 and 300 Cross River gorillas remain. Groups of these gorillas concentrate their activities in 11 localities across a 12,000 km² range, though recent field surveys confirmed the presence of gorillas outside of their known localities suggesting a wider distribution within this range. This distribution is supported by genetic research, which has found evidence that many Cross River gorilla localities continue to maintain contact through the occasional dispersal of individuals. In 2009, the Cross River gorilla was finally captured on professional video on a forested mountain in Cameroon.
==General Information==
''Gorilla gorilla diehli'', also known as the Cross River gorilla,〔 was discovered as a new subspecies of the western gorilla by Paul Mataschie, a mammalian taxonomist, in 1904.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gorilla Gorilla diehli Taxonomy and Nomenclature )〕 The Cross River gorilla is the most western and northern form of gorilla, and lives in the hills and mountains of the Cameroon-Nigeria border region near the Cross River,〔 about 300 km away from other lowland western gorillas.〔
Most recently in 2007, IUCN had labeled ''Gorilla gorilla diehli'' as critically endangered,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gorilla gorilla ssp. diehli )〕 with about 200 to 300 known gorillas left,〔 but according to a survey conducted by Conservation International, in 2012 the Cross River gorilla did not make “The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates List”
Threats that contribute to the endangered status of the Cross River gorilla include: overhunting,〔 forest fires,〔 and loss of genetic diversity,〔 due to their small population, and even smaller grouping size (4-7 individuals) and fragmented population.〔 In 2007 though, a Regional Action Plan for the Conservation of the Cross River gorilla was established that included conducting further research on ''G. gorilla diehli'', raising awareness and teaching the locals about conserving the forests and protecting the Cross River gorilla, and limiting ecotourism which can have negative effects on the species.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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